Lidar, abbreviated for Light Detection and Ranging, is a remote sensing technology that uses laser light to measure distances and create detailed three-dimensional maps of the surroundings.

Applications in autonomous driving include:

• Object detection: Lidar helps identify and classify objects like pedestrians, vehicles, and obstacles.
• Mapping and localization: Lidar creates high-resolution maps and supports precise vehicle localization in its environment.
• Obstacle avoidance: Lidar data is used to detect obstacles on the vehicle’s path and make real-time decisions for safe navigation.
• Path planning: Lidar information is crucial for planning the vehicle’s path through dynamic and complex environments.

Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication refers to the exchange of information between vehicles and surrounding infrastructure elements such as traffic lights, road signs, and other transportation systems.

V2I-communication is crucial for autonomous vehicles as it provides real-time information about road conditions, traffic, and the status of infrastructure.

This helps autonomous vehicles navigate safely and efficiently through complex environments.